Laboratory of Ecology, Physiology, and Functional Morphology of Higher Vertebrates
About the Laboratory Research Directions Results Staff

Key Results of the Laboratory 2023-2024

Diet and Lifestyle of Hipparion Fauna in the Late Miocene of the Northern Black Sea Region

A study of dental microwear in fossil mammals that inhabited the Northern Black Sea savanna during the Late Miocene made it possible to determine their dietary specialization and its change over several million years. Details of the ecology and lifestyle of representatives of the hipparion faunal complex were revealed, and the hypothesis of a herding lifestyle in the hornless rhinoceroses Chilotherium and Aceratherium was confirmed.

Artistic depiction of the landscape and its hipparion fauna inhabitants in the Miocene of the Northern Black Sea region. Image from elementy.ru
Artistic depiction of the landscape and its hipparion fauna inhabitants in the Miocene of the Northern Black Sea region. Image from elementy.ru

 

Some artiodactyls that inhabited the Late Miocene savanna of the Northern Black Sea region (A), and results of the study of meso- (B) and micro-wear (C) of their teeth.
Some artiodactyls that inhabited the Late Miocene savanna of the Northern Black Sea region (A), and results of the study of meso- (B) and micro-wear (C) of their teeth.

 

More on the institute's website and on elementy.ru

Published: Rivals, F., Belyaev, R.I., Basova, V.B. and Prilepskaya, N.E. A tale from the Neogene savanna: Paleoecology of the hipparion fauna in the northern Black Sea region during the late Miocene. // Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2024, Vol. 642, pp. 112133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2024.112133 

 

 

Does Chewing Efficiency Depend on Body Size in Small Herbivorous Mammals?

Based on data on gastric content fractionation, the mean particle size (MPS) was calculated as an indicator of chewing efficiency in 19 species of herbivorous rodents and lagomorphs of different body mass. The contribution of chewing efficiency and food particle kinetics to the assimilation of poor plant forage by small mammals was assessed. Ways of overcoming the conflict between animal body size and the ability to feed on hard-to-digest forage were considered. These include: chewing effectiveness, separation of digesta flow into fast and slow fractions, post-gastric fiber reduction, enrichment of gut content with bacterial nitrogen, and repeated passage of food through the digestive tract.

Range of body sizes of the studied herbivorous mammal species (body mass from 0.02 to 20 kg).
Range of body sizes of the studied herbivorous mammal species (body mass from 0.02 to 20 kg).

 

Dependence of mean particle size (MPS) in the stomach of rodents and lagomorphs on body size. R=0.73736.
Dependence of mean particle size (MPS) in the stomach of rodents and lagomorphs on body size.

 

More on elementy.ru

Published: Наумова, Е.И., Чистова, Т.Ю. и Жарова, Г.К. Результативность жевания у мелких млекопитающих-фитофагов – функция размеров тела? // Журнал Общей биологии, 2024, № 85(2), c. 137-149. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044459624020069

 

 

Hair Microstructure Analysis: The Cave Lion

Results of an original study of hair coat microstructure in the cave lion and the African lion, together with a summary of literature data, showed that hair coat adaptations in these taxonomically close species, which inhabit different climatic conditions, followed different paths, which can be characterized by a different balance between the functions of mechanical protection and thermal insulation.

 

Fig. 1. SEM results demonstrating examples of the terminology used for cuticle pattern (A, B, C, D) and medulla structure (E, F) in longitudinal sections of the hair shaft. Cuticle at the hair base: A – rhomboid petal; B – rhomboid petal; C – wide petal; D – irregular wavy. E – wide multiserial spongy medulla without large chambers. F – narrow multiserial chambered medulla with sporadic large chambers. Terminology according to (Tóth, 2017). 

 

Published: Chernova, O.F. Comparative analysis of hair microstructure in the cave lion (Panthera spelaea): A review. // Earth History and Biodiversity, 2024, Vol. 2, pp. 100014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hisbio.2024.100014

 

 

Spinal Mobility in Perissodactyls: An Evolutionary Perspective

Neck and back mobility was studied in representatives of all three extant families of perissodactyls (horses, tapirs, and rhinoceroses), as well as their fossil Paleogene ancestors. General trends in the evolutionary changes of mobility in different sections of their vertebral column were identified. It was shown that both the mobility and the relative length of the cervical region in modern Equidae are almost twice as high as in their miniature ancestors, whereas the lumbar region shows the opposite evolutionary trend, leading to the convergent development of dorsostability in all three surviving families.

Diagram showing the relationship between total vertical flexibility of the lumbar spine and the cube root of body mass in some carnivorans, proboscideans, artiodactyls, and perissodactyls.
Diagram showing the relationship between total vertical flexibility of the lumbar spine and the cube root of body mass in some carnivorans, proboscideans, artiodactyls, and perissodactyls.

 

More on the institute's website and on elementy.ru

Published: Belyaev, R.I., Kuznetsov, A.N. and Prilepskaya, N.E. Truly dorsostable runners: Vertebral mobility in rhinoceroses, tapirs, and horses. // Journal of Anatomy, 2023, Vol. 242(4), pp. 568-591. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13799

 

 

Diversity of Jaw Musculature in Herbivorous Mammals

A large-scale study of the morphological diversity of jaw musculature was conducted in extant and some fossil taxa of herbivorous mammals. Factors influencing the structure of the jaw apparatus were considered. The diversity of specialization variants turned out to be much wider than expected and does not fit the classical scheme. Statistical methods revealed 15 morphotypes, the formation of which can be interpreted from morphological and functional standpoints. The resulting scheme of jaw musculature morphotypes lays the foundation for new approaches to paleobiological reconstructions.

Position in morphospace of fifteen variants of mammalian jaw muscles. Different trends of muscle mass transformation are shown in different colors.
Position in morphospace of fifteen variants of mammalian jaw muscles. Different trends of muscle mass transformation are shown in different colors.

 

Published: Ercoli, M.D., Álvarez, A., Warburton, N.M., Janis, C.M., Potapova, E.G., Herring, S.W., Cassini, G.H., Tarquini, J.H. and Kuznetsov, A.N. Myology of the masticatory apparatus of herbivorous mammals and a novel classification for a better understanding of herbivore diversity. // Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2023, Vol. 198(4), pp. 1106-1155. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac102

 

 

Monographs, Book Chapters, Textbooks and Study Guides

Данилкин А.А., Фоменко П.В. Тигр, леопард и копытные: проблемы и стратегия сохранения. / Владивосток: Апельсин, 2024. 134 с. ISBN 978-5-98137-058-8.


Tiger, Leopard and Ungulates: Problems and Conservation Strategy

Данилкин А.А., Фоменко П.В. Тигр, леопард и копытные: проблемы и стратегия сохранения. / Владивосток: Апельсин, 2024. 134 с. ISBN 978-5-98137-058-8.

The book discusses the problems of conserving the Amur tiger and the Far Eastern leopard, mainly related to insufficient prey base in hunting grounds. Systemic errors in the organization and management of hunting economy and wild ungulate resources are shown. The resource potential, basic principles, methods and means of managing ungulate populations, allowing a substantial, several-fold increase in their numbers, are considered. A conclusion is drawn on the need for resource-use reform. For conservationists, game managers, zoologists, ecologists and hunters.

Announcement on the portal "Mammals of Russia" 
Download PDF

Book cover. Kiladze, A.B. and Fadeeva, E.O. Chapter 3. The Morphometric Parameters of the Fine Structure of the Primary Remiges of Corvid Birds (Corvidae) in the Context of Adaptation to Flight. In book: Owen P. Jenkins (Ed.). Advances in Animal Science and Zoology. Volume 22. Nova Science Publishers, New York. 2024. P. 75-100. ISBN: 979-8-89530-039-8.


The Morphometric Parameters of the Fine Structure of the Primary Remiges of Corvid Birds (Corvidae) in the Context of Adaptation to Flight

Kiladze, A.B. and Fadeeva, E.O. Chapter 3. The Morphometric Parameters of the Fine Structure of the Primary Remiges of Corvid Birds (Corvidae) in the Context of Adaptation to Flight. / In book: Owen P. Jenkins (Ed.). Advances in Animal Science and Zoology. Volume 22. Nova Science Publishers, New York. 2024. P. 75-100. ISBN: 979-8-89530-039-8. https://doi.org/10.52305/ILYD1175

Chapter 3 analyzes morphometric parameters of the fine structure of the primary remiges of Corvid Birds (Corvidae) in the context of adaptation to flight.

Book cover. Суров А.В., Феоктистова Н.Ю. Обыкновенный хомяк Cricetus cricetus (Linnaeus 1758). Москва: РАН. 2023. 312 c. (Серия


The Common Hamster Cricetus cricetus (Linnaeus 1758)

Structure of the Skin and Hair Coat and Specific Skin Glands

Суров, А.В.; Феоктистова, Н.Ю и Чернова, О.Ф. Часть II Глава 8. Строение кожно-волосяного покрова и специфических кожных желез. / В: Суров, А.В. и Феоктистова, Н.Ю. Обыкновенный хомяк Cricetus cricetus (Linnaeus 1758). Москва: РАН. 2023. С. 67-82. ISBN 978-5-907645-14-1.

Skull Structure

Потапова Е.Г. Часть II Глава 9. Строение черепа. / В: Суров, А.В. и Феоктистова, Н.Ю. Обыкновенный хомяк Cricetus cricetus (Linnaeus 1758). Москва: РАН. 2023. С. 83-100. ISBN 978-5-907645-14-1.

Monograph announcement on the institute's website

Kiladze, A.B. and Dzhemukhadze N.K. Chapter 5. The Use of Multivariate Statistical Methods in the Analysis of Histoenzymatic Activity of the Skin Glands in Rats. In: Charles D. Grant (Ed.). Advances in Biology. Volume 4. New York: Nova Science Publishers. P. 83–99.


The Use of Multivariate Statistical Methods in the Analysis of Histoenzymatic Activity of the Skin Glands in Rats

Kiladze, A.B. and Dzhemukhadze, N.K. Chapter 5. The Use of Multivariate Statistical Methods in the Analysis of Histoenzymatic Activity of the Skin Glands in Rats. / In: Charles D. Grant (Ed.). Advances in Biology. Volume 4. New York: Nova Science Publishers. 2023 P. 83–99. ISBN: 979-8-88697-999-2.

Chapter Five discusses the use of methods of multivariate statistics in order to identify significant differences between the histochemical activity of enzymes of the skin glands of laboratory and wild rats.

Biology. Grade 8. Basic Level. Study Guide

Бабенко В.Г., Фадеева Е.О. Биология. 8 класс. Базовый уровень. Учебное пособие. Просвещение, 2024, 320 с. ISBN 978-5-09-112333-3.

The biology course presented in this study guide is devoted to the diversity of animals, their structure and functioning, and their significance in nature and human life. The study guide was prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Basic General Education, approved by Order of the Ministry of Education No. 287 of 31.05.2021, and the Federal Work Program in Biology

Biology for Technical and Natural-Science Vocational Profiles and Specialties

Константинов В.М., Резанов А.Г., Фадеева Е.О. Биология для профессий и специальностей технического и естественно-научного профилей: учебник для студ. учреждений сред. проф. образования. Под ред. Константинова В.М. Издательский центр «Академия», 2024, 336 с. ISBN 978-5-0054-1961-3.

The study guide was developed in accordance with the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary general and secondary vocational education. It covers general issues of modern biology, presenting basic information on the structure of living matter and the general laws governing its functioning. The course topics include the origin, evolution, and diversity of life on Earth. The relationships between organisms and their living conditions, and the patterns of stability of ecological systems, are shown. For students studying vocational professions and specialties of secondary vocational education.

 

 

List of Publications by Laboratory Staff

 

  • Belyaev, R.I., Nikolskaia, P., Bushuev, A.V., Panyutina, A.A., Kozhanova, D.A. and Prilepskaya, N.E. Running, jumping, hunting, and scavenging: Functional analysis of vertebral mobility and backbone properties in carnivorans. // Journal of Anatomy, 2024, Vol. 244(2), pp. 205-231. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.13955 

  • Boeskorov, G.G., Shchelchkova, M.V., Protopopov, A.V., Kryukova, N.V. and Belyaev, R.I. Reshaping a woolly rhinoceros: Discovery of a fat hump on its back. // Quaternary Science Reviews, 2024, Vol. 345, pp. 109013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109013 

  • Boeskorov, G.G., Chernova, O.F., Protopopov, A.V., Neretina, A.N., Shchelchkova, M.V., Belyaev, R.I. and Kotov, A.A. Frozen Mummy of a Subadult Woolly Rhinoceros Coelodonta antiquitatis (Blumenbach, 1799) from the Late Pleistocene of Yakutia. // Doklady Earth Sciences, 2024, Vol. 518(1), pp. 1527-1533. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X24602438 

  • Chernova, O.F. Comparative analysis of hair microstructure in the cave lion (Panthera spelaea): A review. // Earth History and Biodiversity, 2024, Vol. 2, pp. 100014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hisbio.2024.100014 

  • Chernova, O.F. and Shchelkanov, E.M. Hair Coat of the Water Deer Hydropotes inermis (Cervidae, Artiodactyla), a New Species in the Russian Fauna. // Doklady Biological Sciences, 2024, Vol. 517(1), pp. 88-95. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0012496624701060 

  • Duñó-Iglesias, P., Ramírez-Pedraza, I., Rivals, F., Prilepskaya, N.E., Belyaev, R.I. and Baryshnikov, G.F. Dental microwear analysis of Kudaro cave bears: Insights into dietary evolution from the Middle to Late Pleistocene. // Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2024, Vol. 653, pp. 112417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2024.112417 

  • Hernandez-Blanco, J., Chistopolova, M., Pkhitikov, A., Trepet, S., Weinberg, P., Dzutsev, Z., Yachmennikova, A., Dronova, N., Minaev, A., Naidenko, S. and Rozhnov, V. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Hunting Behavior of Reintroduced Leopards (Panthera pardus ciscaucasica) in the Russian Caucasus. // Biology Bulletin, 2024, Vol. 51(Suppl.2), pp. S342–S353 . https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359024612060 

  • Degtyarev, M.I., Saifutdinov, R.A., Korobushkin, D.I., Bastrakov, A.I., Danilova, M.A., Davydov, I.D., Gorbunova, A.Yu., Guseva, P.A., Karlik, E.I., Koshchanova, R.E., Kuznetsova, K.G., Lebedev, I.M., Medvedev, D.A., Obolenskiy, R.R., Popova, A.V., Pronina, N.A., Rybalov, L.B., Surov, A.V., Tadzhimov, A.B., Tarasov, A.I., Vasiliev, V.A., Zaitsev, A.S., Zvychaynaya, E.Yu. and Gongalsky, K.B. Taxonomic diversity and abundance of enchytraeids (Annelida, Clitellata, Enchytraeida) in the Northern Palaearctic.1.Asian part. // Biodiversity Data Journal, Pensoft Publishers, 2024, Vol. 12, pp. e114682. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e114682 

  • Khlyap, L.A., Grishchenko, M.Y. and Varshavskiy, A.A. Mammal Diversity of Russian Mountain Regions. // Biology Bulletin, 2024, Vol. 51(Suppl.2), pp. S331–S341. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359024611169 

  • Loginova, O.A., Akulova, S.V., Egorov, D.N., Egorova, N.S., Spiridonov, S.E., Plotnikova, I.K., Belova, L.M., Kuznetsov, Y.E., Chuprak, D.I., Krutikova, A.A., Vasilkova, I.V., Gelashvili, D.A., Shchepanovsky, Y.A., Mizin, I.A., Panchenko, D.V., Bondar, M.G. and Sipko, T.P. Coprological Survey of Helminths in Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in 50 Selected Zoos and Menageries in Russia. // Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens, 2024, Vol. 5(3), pp. 492-506. https://doi.org/10.3390/jzbg5030033 

  • Prilepskaya, N.E., Bachura, O.P., Bush, A.G., Kantorovich, А.R., Maslov, V.Е. and Spasskaya, N.N. Horse Teeth Shed Light on Seasonality in Scythian Mound Burials in Southern Russia. // Journal of Field Archaeology Routledge, 2024, Vol. 49(6), pp. 406-417. https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2024.2370659 

  • Rivals, F., Belyaev, R.I., Basova, V.B. and Prilepskaya, N.E. A tale from the Neogene savanna: Paleoecology of the hipparion fauna in the northern Black Sea region during the late Miocene. // Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2024, Vol. 642, pp. 112133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2024.112133 

  • Sedikhin, N. and Minaev, A. Some results of telemetry observations of European elk (Alces alces) (Artiodactyla, Cervidae) movements in the southern taiga subzone in Northwest Russia. // Russian Journal of Theriology, 2024, Vol. 23(2), pp. 162–177. https://doi.org/10.15298/rusjtheriol.23.2.06 

  • Бабенко, В. и Фадеева, Е. Листая Брема.С днём рождения, мишка! // Юный натуралист, 2024, № 2, c. 14-15. https://unnaturalist.ru/anonce/show/anonceId/274/ 

  • Данилкин, А.А. Динамика населения диких копытных России: трофоклиматические прогнозы и реальность. // Вестник охотоведения, 2024, № 21(2), c. 125-134. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=69184690 

  • Данилкин, А.А. Волк: проблема регулирования численности. // Вестник охотоведения, 2024, № 21(3), c. 209-217. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=74175933 

  • Данилкин, А.А. и Савельев, А.П. "Стратегия устойчивой охоты в Польше до 2030 года с перспективой до 2035 года": четкий путь в будущее. // Вестник охотоведения, 2024, № 21(4), с. 326-336. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=80347860 

  • Данилкин, А.А. Почему мала охотничья добыча диких копытных, и как ее увеличить. // Охота и охотничье хозяйство, 2024, № 8, c. 4-6. https://ohothoz.com/pochemu-tak-mala-ohotnichya-dobycha-dikih-kopytnyh-i-kak-eyo-uvelichit/ 

  • Дегтярев, М.И., Зайцев, А.С., Данилова, М.А., Звычайная, Е.Ю., Коробушкин, Д.И., Медведев, Д.А., Сайфутдинов, Р.А. и Гонгальский, К.Б. Население почвообитающих энхитреид (Annelida, Clitellata, Enchytraeidae) европейской части России. // Экология, 2024, № 2, c. 148-157. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=68535874 

  • Кашинина, Н.В., Лущекина, А.А., Сорокин, П.А. и Холодова, М.В. Генетические последствия резкого снижения численности сайгака (Saiga tatarica tatarica) в популяции Северо-Западного Прикаспия: сравнение современных и музейных образцов по мтДНК и микросателлитным локусам. // Известия Российской академии наук.Серия биологическая, 2024, № 4, c. 488-500. https://doi.org/10.31857/S1026347024040067 

  • Монахов, В.Г., Савельев, А.П., Данилкин, А.А. и Савченко, А.П. Выдающийся сибирский териолог и охотовед.Памяти профессора Марка Николаевича Смирнова. // Вестник охотоведения, 2024, № 21(2), c. 186-191. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=69184696 

  • Наумова, Е., Жарова, Г. и Чистова, Т.Ю. Кинетика пищевых волокон у дневной песчанки: значение изолирующих структур пищеварительного тракта и качества корма. // Известия Российской академии наук.Серия биологическая, 2024, № 4, c. 77-87. https://doi.org/10.31857/S1026347024040075 

  • Наумова, Е.И., Жарова, Г.К. и Чистова, Т.Ю. Динамика продвижения корма по пищеварительному тракту у ночного грызуна Meriones crassus как реакция на ритм кормовой активности. // Известия Российской академии наук.Серия биологическая, 2024, № 5, c. 646-653. https://doi.org/10.31857/S1026347024050094 

  • Наумова, Е.И., Чистова, Т.Ю. и Жарова, Г.К. Результативность жевания у мелких млекопитающих-фитофагов – функция размеров тела? // Журнал Общей биологии, 2024, № 85(2), c. 137-149. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044459624020069 

  • Нухимовская, Ю.Д., Степанова, Н.Ю., Быков, А.В. и Колесников, А.В. Локальная флора «Биологической балки»  биосферного резервата «Озеро Эльтон» (Северный Прикаспий) и ее анализ. //  Вестник Тверского государственного университета.Серия"Биология и экология", 2024, № 3, c. 180-203. https://eprints.tversu.ru/id/eprint/14322/ 

  • Спасская, Н.Н., Чернова, О.Ф., Вдовина, Н.В. и Юрьева, И.Б. Сравнение микроструктуры волос древней ленской лошади (†Equus lenensis Russanov 1968) и домашней лошади (E.caballus caballus Linnaeus 1758) аборигенных северных пород. // Зоологический журнал, 2024, № 103(6), c. 127-136. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044513424060077 

  • Суров, С.Г., Казаков, И.М., Волков, А.Е. и Сипко, Т.П. Опыт реинтродукции европейского лесного северного оленя в заповеднике"Керженский" и перспективы проекта. // Вестник охотоведения, 2024, № 21(1), c. 66-73. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=65315395 

  • Чернова, О.Ф., Феоктистова, Н.Ю., Солдатова, И.Б. и Суров, А.В. Микроструктура кожно-волосяного покрова тибетского хомячка (Urocricetus kamensis, Cricetidae, Rodentia): сравнительно-морфологический анализ. // Зоологический журнал, 2024, № 103(5), c. 85-99. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044513424050098 

  • Чернова, О.Ф., Галоян, Э.А. и Ивлев, Ю.Ф. Морфология кожи пяти видов скальных ящериц родa Darevskia (Lacertidae, Squamata). // Известия Российской академии наук.Серия биологическая, 2024, № 4, c. 460-467. https://doi.org/10.31857/S1026347024040049 

  • Чернова, О.Ф., Климовский, А.И. и Протопопов, А.В. Сравнительная микроанатомия остевых волос древнего волка (Canis lupus spelaeus Goldfus 1823), найденного в плейстоценовых отложениях Якутии, по данным СЭМ. // Зоологический журнал, 2024, № 103(9), c. 83-102. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044513424090078 

  • Данилкин, А.A. Косули-зомби: системная проблема гибели охотничьих животных. // Охота и охотничье хозяйство, 2024, № 4, c. 1-3. https://ohothoz.com/kosuli-zombi-sistemnaya-problema-gibeli-ohotnichih-zhivotnyh/ 

  • Данилкин, А.A. Очередная массовая гибель косуль в России: анализ причин и рекомендации по сохранению животных. // Охота и охотничье хозяйство, 2024, № 6, c. 6-9. https://ohothoz.com/ocherednaya-massovaya-gibel-kosul-v-rossii-analiz-prichiny-i-rekomendaczii-po-sohraneniyu-zhivotnyh/ 

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