The developments by IPEE RAS of artificial nests-incubators of salmon caviar were included in the list of Russian studies that are changing the world. The list of Russian scientists whose research is known all over the world and whose inventions have successfully integrated into the real sector of the economy, was prepared by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.
Artificial incubator nests for salmon caviar
In the laboratory of fish and aquatic invertebrate ecology of the Institute of Biology, FIC “Karelian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” together with the staff of the A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS is developing technical solutions for the reproduction of valuable salmon fish in the natural conditions of rivers, an alternative method for the factory reproduction of ichthyofauna. More than 10 types of artificial caviar incubator nests of various designs and capacities have been developed, adapted for the reproduction of both noble salmon of the Salmo genus (Atlantic salmon, brown trout), and for the entire group of Pacific salmon of the Oncorhynchus genus. The devices have been tested and are used on the rivers of the Republic of Karelia, the Murmansk and Sakhalin Regions, the Kamchatka Territory; the devices have been used in the Republic of Belarus. Currently, a new development is being introduced at the stage of “incubation complex of extra-plant breeding”, which allows intensively reproducing salmon species of fish in small spawning rivers where the construction of a hatchery is not practical.
Unique equipment for the extraction of bitumen oil
Borehole unbalanced vibration sources developed at the Institute of Mining of the SB RAS by the head of the scientific and engineering center of mining machines and geotechnologies Andrei Savchenko with colleagues Artyom Flantikov, Dmitry Evstigneev, Mikhail Tsupov are used to increase the production of viscous bitumen oil, and are delivered to the largest oil region of China - Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
Seismic oscillation generators are located at the level of the oil reservoir, helping to accelerate the filtration processes in the reservoir and displacing oil with water. The developed vibration sources can be used for volumetric impact on productive formations in order to intensify oil production and increase the injectivity of injection wells. The vibration source can be operated in conjunction with screw and electric centrifugal pumps and used to clean the bottomhole formation zone, while not decommissioning the well. The uniqueness of the equipment lies in the ability to function in wells with a depth of more than 3000 m at a fluid pressure of up to 30 MPa, and a temperature in the well of up to 250 ° C.
Animal Feed Antibiotic Substitutes
The results of a comprehensive study of the supramolecular structure of yeast cell walls, carried out by a senior researcher at the Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry of the SB RAS Alexei Bychkov and colleagues, made it possible to fundamentally modify the technology for producing environmentally friendly and safe substitutes for animal feed antibiotics. At the moment only two manufacturers in the world (USA, UK) receive yeast mannanoligosaccharides - the active substance of antibiotic substitutes - using fire-hazardous solvents and energy-intensive liquid-phase stages in the process. The invention of Alexei Bychkov allowed the launch of domestic technology at Sibbiopharm LLC (Berdsk), devoid of the above disadvantages. Processing is carried out without solvents, in the solid phase. The product is cheaper and with a high content of active compounds. For three years now, poultry complexes in Siberia have been purchased by domestic MOSs, increasing the quality and safety of manufactured products.
Ocean Characteristics Assessment Method
The research of Igor Kozlov, a senior researcher at the Laboratory of Innovative Methods and Tools for Oceanological Research of the Marine Hydrophysical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is devoted to the creation of methods for analyzing measurements of synthetic-aperture satellite radars and has made a significant contribution to the development of ideas about dynamic processes in the upper layer of the Arctic Ocean and inland seas of Russia. He developed methods for assessing the characteristics of ocean internal waves, vortices, frontal zones, and ice cover parameters according to satellite SAR measurements. Based on them, for the first time in world practice, the “hot spots” of generation and characteristics of internal waves and vortices in the Arctic were determined.
Reconstruction with bioceramic implants
Denis Kulbakin, author of 6 patents of the Russian Federation on methods of organ-preserving treatment of cancer of the larynx and maxillofacial region, is a senior researcher, doctor of the highest category in the department of head and neck tumors of the Research Institute of Medical Genetics of Tomsk Scientific and Research Center. With the participation of the scientist, a technique was developed and introduced into clinical practice for the reconstruction of the maxillofacial region in cancer patients using individual bioceramic implants (the implants were created jointly with scientists from Tomsk State University). It was at the Oncology Research Institute of Tomsk Scientific Research Center in 2017 that the first operation on the reconstruction of the jaw using a bioceramic implant was performed in Russia. Currently, 14 such operations have been performed successfully. Each of them is unique, since an individual implant is made for each patient based on 3D modeling and 3D printing. Every year, this technique is being improved to help patients with extensive post-resection defects of the maxillofacial region. Such implants provide faster and more complete integration with surrounding tissues. Work is underway to create new composite implants that, when implanted, will to have an anti-inflammatory effect and stimulate tissue regeneration when saturated with appropriate medicine.
How to determine the local atomic structure parameters
Olga Bakieva, a senior researcher at the Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, has developed a research method that has no analogues in the world and allows one to determine the parameters of the local atomic structure in ultrathin surface layers of 3d-metal systems using EELFS.
Using the developed theoretical formalism, experimental data were obtained for the first time - partial interatomic distances, coordination numbers and thermal dispersion parameters of atoms of light elements (carbon, oxygen, nitrogen) in non-stoichiometric compounds, which is one of the fundamental characteristics of a substance. The significance of the results is due to the need to develop the scientific foundations for determining the chemical and structural-phase state of materials under special, nonequilibrium conditions, including after directed modification by energy flows. The uniqueness of the use of the method of analysis of the fine structure of the spectra of electron energy loss spectra (EELFS - Extended Energy Loss Fine Structure) lies in the possibility of obtaining quantitative data not only on the coordination of metal atoms, but also on the local environment of atoms of light elements. This allows obtaining critical information about the atomic structure of various meso- and metastructures, which is not available when using x-ray spectroscopy.
Photopolymer compositions for 3D printing
Russian scientists from the A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science of Russian Academy of Sciences has developed a method for producing photopolymer compositions for 3D printing by digital stereolithography from highly sintered low-temperature ceramics based on partially stabilized ZrO2 and tricalcium phosphate, which is able to maintain structure during the removal of organic binder
(debinding) by introducing special additives. The applied significance of the performed work lies in the possibility of obtaining new durable and crack-resistant materials of complex shape with a given internal architecture with high accuracy up to 10 - 35 microns. Alternative technologies for producing complex shapes with comparable accuracy and detailing of individual structural elements do not currently exist. The developed compositions and approaches can be used to create new ceramic materials for reconstructive surgery.
Spin detector for SKIF
The research team of Oleg Tereshchenko, Head of the Laboratory of Physics and Technology of Heterostructures of the Institute of Applied Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is working on the creation of the world's first semiconductor spin detector with spatial resolution. The device will be used at the station 1-6 “Electron Spectroscopy with Angular and Spin Resolution” of the first phase of the SKIF synchrotron, the creation of which is led by Oleg Tereshchenko, along with colleagues from other institutes of the Novosibirsk Academgorodok. In the course of work on the spin detector, Oleg Tereshchenko’s group, together with the Ekran FEP enterprise, managed to create an application device: a new type of vacuum photodiode for solar panels, promising for use in space.